Floating heel is a technique used to prevent pressure injuries on the heels, particularly for individuals who are confined to bed for extended periods.
According to a reference from March 16, 2022, "Floating heels” is a pressure injury (bed sore) measure to implement to prevent heel wounds if someone is bound to their bed for long periods of time.
Understanding Pressure Injuries and Heels
Pressure injuries, often called bedsores or pressure ulcers, occur when sustained pressure on a body part reduces blood flow to the area, causing tissue damage. The heels are particularly vulnerable because they have less padding and can experience significant pressure when someone is lying down.
- Why the Heel?
- Bony prominence with little protective tissue.
- Can bear substantial weight when lying on the back.
- Pressure can be concentrated on a small area.
The Concept of Floating Heel
The core idea behind "floating heel" is to eliminate pressure on the heel by elevating it off the surface of the bed or mattress. This allows blood to flow freely to the heel tissue, preventing the formation of pressure injuries. When the heel is "floating," it is suspended in the air or resting on a very soft, pressure-redistributing surface that doesn't compress the tissue.
Implementing Floating Heel: Practical Methods
Achieving a "floating heel" requires careful positioning and the use of supportive devices. The goal is to support the leg from the calf down, allowing the heel to be completely free of contact with the bed.
Here are common methods used to float heels:
- Pillows: Placing pillows lengthwise under the lower leg (calf) from below the knee down, ensuring the heel extends over the end of the pillow and is not touching the bed.
- Foam Wedges: Specially designed foam wedges can be placed under the calves to elevate the lower legs and lift the heels off the surface.
- Specialized Boots/Devices: There are commercially available boots or devices designed specifically to cradle the lower leg and foot, leaving the heel suspended within the boot structure. These often also help with foot drop prevention.
Key Considerations:
- Ensure the knee and calf are well-supported to avoid strain.
- Check circulation periodically, especially if using boots that secure the foot.
- Reposition the individual regularly as part of overall pressure injury prevention.
- Skin checks of the heel area remain crucial, even with devices in place.
By implementing the floating heel technique, caregivers can significantly reduce the risk of painful and potentially serious heel pressure injuries in individuals with limited mobility.
