Proteins are fundamental organic molecules with diverse structures and functions, and can be broadly categorized.
Simple Proteins
These proteins are comprised of amino acids alone. Examples include:
- Albumins: These are often found in blood plasma and egg whites.
- Globulins: These are also present in blood plasma and include antibodies.
- Glutelins: These proteins are found in grains and seeds.
- Albuminoids: These are structural proteins, often found in tissues and bones.
- Histones: These are associated with DNA in chromosomes.
- Protamines: These are also found associated with DNA.
Conjugated Proteins
These are simple proteins combined with a non-protein component. Examples include:
- Nucleoproteins: These are proteins associated with nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA.
- Glycoproteins: These have carbohydrate groups attached and are involved in cell signaling and immune responses.
- Phosphoproteins: These have phosphate groups attached and are involved in many biological processes.
- Haemoglobins: These contain heme groups with iron, important for oxygen transport in blood.
- Lecithoproteins: These contain lipids such as lecithin.
| Category | Protein Examples | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Simple Proteins | Albumins, Globulins, Glutelins, Albuminoids, Histones, Protamines | Composed solely of amino acid residues. |
| Conjugated Proteins | Nucleoproteins, Glycoproteins, Phosphoproteins, Haemoglobins, Lecithoproteins | Simple proteins combined with non-protein components. |
This categorization and examples help in understanding the variety and function of proteins within organic chemistry.
