Protein is essential for numerous bodily functions. Its primary role is to build and repair tissues, but it also contributes to energy production and other vital processes.
Key Roles of Protein in the Body
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Building and Repairing Tissues: Protein is the fundamental building block for muscles, bones, skin, hair, and other tissues. The body uses amino acids (the smaller components of proteins) to constantly repair and replace worn-out cells. [Reference: Better Health Channel, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Healthline]
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Producing Hormones and Enzymes: Many hormones and enzymes, crucial for regulating bodily functions, are made of proteins. These substances facilitate various chemical reactions and processes within the body. [Reference: Better Health Channel, Otsuka Pharmaceutical]
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Supporting the Immune System: Antibodies, which fight off infections, are proteins. A sufficient protein intake is vital for a robust immune response. [Reference: Healthline]
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Energy Production: While carbohydrates and fats are the body's preferred energy sources, protein can be used for energy if other sources are insufficient. Excess protein not used for tissue repair is converted into fat and stored. [Reference: Oklahoma State University, Mayo Clinic Health System]
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Maintaining Fluid Balance: Proteins help regulate fluid balance within and outside cells, preventing imbalances that could disrupt bodily functions. [Reference: Healthline]
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Transporting Substances: Some proteins act as carriers, transporting substances like oxygen and nutrients throughout the body.
The Amino Acid Connection
The body breaks down dietary protein into amino acids during digestion. These amino acids are then absorbed and used for various functions. Some amino acids are essential, meaning the body cannot produce them and must obtain them from food. [Reference: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia, Eufic]
Protein Intake and Storage
The body doesn't store excess protein like it does carbohydrates or fats. Any surplus protein beyond what is needed for repair and other functions is either used for energy or converted into fat. [Reference: Oklahoma State University, Mayo Clinic Health System]
