The five major theories of psychology, often referred to as the "grand" theories, are summarized in the table below:
The "Grand" Theories of Psychology
| Theory | Description |
|---|---|
| Behavioral | Focuses on observable behaviors and how they are learned through conditioning (e.g., classical and operant conditioning). |
| Psychodynamic | Emphasizes the role of unconscious thoughts, feelings, and memories in shaping behavior. Sigmund Freud's psychoanalysis is a prominent example. |
| Humanistic | Highlights the importance of self-actualization, free will, and the inherent goodness of people. Emphasizes personal growth and fulfillment. |
| Cognitive | Examines mental processes such as thinking, memory, perception, and problem-solving. How we process information affects our behavior. |
| Biological | Focuses on the biological and physiological factors that influence behavior, including genetics, the brain, and neurotransmitters. |
These theories provide different perspectives on understanding the complexities of human thought and behavior, and they have significantly shaped the field of psychology. Each theory offers a unique lens through which to view the human experience.
