Equality of resources, according to Ronald Dworkin's initial conceptualization, is a principle that aims to distribute resources among individuals until no further transfer of those resources would result in a more equal distribution. In other words, a distribution is considered equitable when additional transfers would not improve the equality of each individual's share of the total resources.
Understanding the Core Concept
The central idea behind equality of resources is that individuals should have equal access to and control over resources. This isn't simply about dividing things equally at the start but continuously adjusting the distribution until it reaches a point where no further transfer would improve the equity.
- Dworkin’s Definition: As Dworkin states, equality of resources occurs when the distribution of resources is such that “no further transfer would leave their shares of the total resources more equal.” (Dworkin, 1981a, p. 186).
Key Components of Equality of Resources
To fully grasp the idea of equality of resources, consider these aspects:
- Dynamic Distribution: It’s not a one-time equal split. The principle implies an ongoing process of assessment and adjustment to achieve the most equal distribution possible.
- Resource Focus: Equality of resources specifically deals with the distribution of tangible assets and opportunities— the resources themselves.
- Continuous Adjustment: The distribution might change over time as individual circumstances and needs evolve. The aim is to maintain the state where no further redistribution would increase equity.
Practical Implications
Although abstract, the idea of equality of resources can have practical implications in policymaking and social justice. It suggests that systems should be set up to:
- Monitor Resource Distribution: Routinely check how resources are spread across the population.
- Implement Redressal Mechanisms: Establish systems to transfer resources when imbalances are detected.
- Address Unequal Outcomes: Aim to correct situations where individuals have significantly fewer resources than others.
How It Differs From Other Equality Concepts
It’s important to distinguish equality of resources from:
- Equality of Outcome: This aims for everyone to have the same results regardless of their starting points.
- Equality of Opportunity: This focuses on ensuring everyone has the same chances without necessarily achieving equal resources or outcomes.
Equality of resources is focused on equalizing access to things, as opposed to equalizing life experiences.
Conclusion
Equality of resources, as defined by Dworkin, seeks to ensure that resources are distributed in a way that minimizes inequalities. It involves an active process of continuous evaluation and redistribution until any further changes wouldn’t produce a fairer allocation. The goal is a system where no further transfers of resources could create greater equity among people.
