Breathing is slow when it is slower than the normal respiratory rate. This condition is often referred to as bradypnea, and it indicates the respiratory rate is abnormally low.
Understanding Bradypnea
Bradypnea is defined as a respiratory rate that is slower than what is considered normal for a person's age and condition. It is generally accepted that:
- For adults, a normal respiratory rate is typically between 12 and 20 breaths per minute. Therefore, a breathing rate consistently below 12 breaths per minute is considered slow breathing or bradypnea.
Causes of Slow Breathing
Slow breathing can be caused by various factors, including:
- Metabolic Issues: Conditions affecting metabolism can impact breathing.
- Sleep Apnea: Disruptions in breathing during sleep can lead to periods of slower breathing.
- Carbon Monoxide Poisoning: Exposure to carbon monoxide can affect the respiratory system.
- Drug Overdose: Certain drugs, especially opioids, can significantly slow down breathing.
- Head Trauma: Damage to the brain can affect the respiratory control centers.
- Hypothermia: Severely low body temperature can reduce the respiratory rate.
- Certain Medications: Some medications can depress the respiratory system.
Implications of Slow Breathing
Slow breathing can be problematic because your body may not be getting enough oxygen. This can lead to:
- Hypoxia: A condition where the body tissues are not receiving enough oxygen.
- Hypercapnia: A build-up of carbon dioxide in the blood.
- Organ Damage: Prolonged oxygen deprivation can lead to damage to vital organs.
It's essential to seek medical attention if you experience slow breathing, especially if accompanied by other symptoms like dizziness, confusion, or loss of consciousness.
