When a tooth needs a root canal, the procedure involves removing the infected or damaged pulp from inside the tooth, cleaning and disinfecting the area, and then filling and sealing the space to prevent further infection.
Here's a breakdown of the process:
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Pulp Damage or Infection: The pulp, containing nerves and blood vessels, becomes infected (often by bacteria) or damaged (perhaps from trauma). This leads to inflammation, pain, and potentially an abscess.
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Local Anesthesia: Before the procedure, a local anesthetic is administered to numb the tooth and surrounding area, ensuring a painless experience. Many patients find it no more unpleasant than getting a filling.
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Access Hole: The dentist creates a small access hole in the crown of the tooth to reach the pulp chamber.
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Pulp Removal: Using specialized instruments, the dentist carefully removes the infected or damaged pulp from the root canals.
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Cleaning and Shaping: The root canals are cleaned, disinfected, and shaped to prepare them for filling. This involves using files and irrigation solutions to remove debris and bacteria.
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Filling: The cleaned root canals are filled with a biocompatible material, usually gutta-percha, a rubber-like material. A sealer is used to ensure a tight seal.
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Sealing: The access hole is sealed with a temporary or permanent filling.
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Crown (Often Necessary): Because a root canal treated tooth can become brittle, a dental crown is often recommended to protect the tooth and restore its function.
Essentially, a root canal removes the source of the infection and prevents further damage, allowing you to keep your natural tooth. The filling or crown restores the tooth's strength and appearance.
