The main cause of sacroiliitis is arthritis, particularly types that affect the spine.
Sacroiliitis involves inflammation of one or both sacroiliac joints, which are located where the lower spine and pelvis connect. While various factors can contribute, arthritis is the most prevalent underlying cause.
Here's a breakdown:
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Arthritis: This is a broad term encompassing various joint disorders characterized by inflammation. Several types of arthritis are strongly linked to sacroiliitis:
- Ankylosing Spondylitis: This is a specific type of inflammatory arthritis primarily affecting the spine. It frequently causes sacroiliitis as an early symptom.
- Psoriatic Arthritis: Another inflammatory arthritis, often associated with psoriasis, that can affect the sacroiliac joints.
- Reactive Arthritis: This arthritis is triggered by an infection in another part of the body.
- Osteoarthritis: While less common, degenerative changes in the sacroiliac joints due to osteoarthritis can lead to inflammation and pain.
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Other Potential Causes (less common): While arthritis is the main culprit, other factors can also play a role:
- Trauma: Injuries to the sacroiliac joints, such as from a fall or car accident.
- Pregnancy: Hormonal changes and weight gain during pregnancy can stress the sacroiliac joints.
- Infection: Rarely, infection can directly affect the sacroiliac joints.
In conclusion, while other factors can contribute, arthritis, especially ankylosing spondylitis, is the primary cause of sacroiliitis due to its inflammatory effect on the sacroiliac joints.
