Tagout in safety is a system, used in conjunction with Lockout, designed to protect employees from the unintentional release of hazardous energy from equipment and machinery during maintenance or servicing. It is a critical component of Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) procedures.
Understanding Tagout
Tagout, when used alone, is a warning system, not a physical restraint. A tagout device, typically a standardized tag, is securely attached to an energy-isolating device (like a circuit breaker or valve). This tag serves as a prominent warning sign, clearly indicating that the equipment should not be operated or energized because it is undergoing maintenance or repair.
Key Elements of Tagout:
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Warning Tags: The tags themselves are highly visible, usually bright colors like red or orange, and contain clear warnings such as "Do Not Operate," "Do Not Start," or similar instructions. They also often include spaces for the authorized employee's name, the date, and the reason for the tagout.
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Attachment: Tags must be securely attached to the energy-isolating device so they cannot be easily removed or inadvertently detached.
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Employee Training: Employees must be thoroughly trained on the purpose of tagout, the hazards involved, and the proper procedures for applying and removing tags. They must understand that a tag is a warning, not a physical barrier.
Tagout vs. Lockout
While often used together, tagout differs significantly from lockout:
| Feature | Lockout | Tagout |
|---|---|---|
| Method | Physical restraint of the energy-isolating device (e.g., with a padlock). | Warning against operating the energy-isolating device. |
| Protection | Provides a physical barrier against accidental energization. | Relies on employee awareness and adherence to procedures. |
| Effectiveness | More effective in preventing accidental energization. | Less effective than lockout if used alone. |
When is Tagout Used?
Tagout is permissible only when lockout is not feasible or if the employer can demonstrate that the tagout program provides equivalent protection to a lockout program. For example, tagout might be used when a piece of equipment cannot be physically locked out.
Important Considerations:
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Tagout programs are generally considered less effective than lockout programs because they rely on human behavior and awareness rather than physical barriers. Therefore, strict adherence to tagout procedures and thorough employee training are essential.
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Regular audits and reviews of the tagout program are necessary to ensure its effectiveness and identify any areas for improvement.
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Tagout must be integrated with a comprehensive energy control program that includes written procedures, employee training, and periodic inspections.
In summary, tagout is a safety procedure involving attaching warning tags to energy-isolating devices to prevent the accidental energization of equipment during maintenance or servicing. It's most effective when integrated into a comprehensive LOTO program and used when lockout is not feasible or when equivalent protection can be demonstrated.
