A sentence is a complete thought when it contains a subject and a verb and can stand alone as an independent unit of meaning.
Based on the provided reference, the core elements defining a complete thought (sentence) are:
Key Components of a Complete Thought
To be considered a complete thought, a sentence must have two key components:
- A Subject: This is typically a noun or pronoun that performs the action or is described.
- A Verb: This indicates the action or state of being of the subject.
These two components form the basic structure of a sentence or a clause.
Standing Alone: The Independent Clause
While a clause also contains a subject and a verb, what distinguishes a complete thought (sentence) is its ability to stand on its own in the context of spoken or written language. It expresses a full idea that makes sense without needing to be attached to another part of a sentence.
Think of it like this:
| Feature | Complete Sentence (Complete Thought) | Clause / Fragment |
|---|---|---|
| Subject | Yes | Yes |
| Verb | Yes | Yes |
| Stands Alone | Yes | No (if it's a dependent clause) |
| Expresses Full Idea | Yes | No (if it's a dependent clause or fragment) |
Understanding Sentence vs. Clause
The reference highlights that a clause has a subject and a verb but might have "some other characteristic preventing it from being labeled an actual sentence." This usually refers to dependent clauses, which often begin with subordinating conjunctions (like because, although, while, if, when) or relative pronouns (who, which, that). These words make the clause reliant on an independent clause to complete its meaning.
Examples:
- Incomplete Thought (Dependent Clause): Because he ran quickly... (Has subject "he," verb "ran," but "because" makes it dependent).
- Incomplete Thought (Fragment - missing subject/verb): Running quickly. (Has a verbal form, but no subject performing a main action).
- Complete Thought (Sentence): He ran quickly. (Has subject "He," verb "ran," stands alone).
- Complete Thought (Sentence): He ran quickly because he was late. (Contains an independent clause "He ran quickly" and a dependent clause "because he was late". The complete thought is the independent clause).
Ensuring Your Writing is Clear
Using complete sentences is crucial for clear communication. When sentences are complete, your ideas are fully expressed and easy for your reader or listener to understand without requiring additional information to make sense.
