Tensioning a manual sewing machine involves adjusting the thread tension to create balanced and even stitches. Here's how you do it:
The primary tension adjustment on a manual sewing machine typically involves a knob that controls the pressure on a spring.
- The Knob's Function: The knob increases or decreases the tension.
- Higher Number: A higher number on the knob usually indicates more tension. This means the spring is compressed more, making it harder for the thread to move.
- Lower Number: A lower number means less tension. The spring is less compressed, allowing the thread to move more freely.
How Tension Affects Stitching:
The thread tension on your sewing machine affects the quality of your stitches on the fabric. Both top and bobbin thread tension needs to be balanced.
- Balanced Tension: When the top and bobbin thread tensions are balanced, the knot created when the threads interlock will be in the middle of the fabric layers. This results in a strong, even stitch.
- Top Thread Too Tight: If the top thread is too tight, the knot will be pulled to the top of the fabric. This can cause the bottom thread to appear as a straight line on the surface.
- Top Thread Too Loose: If the top thread is too loose, the knot will be pulled to the bottom of the fabric. This can cause loops or loose stitches on the surface.
Adjusting Tension: A Practical Approach
- Start with the Basics: Ensure your machine is properly threaded, and the bobbin is correctly inserted.
- Test on Scrap Fabric: Use a piece of fabric similar to your project material for testing.
- Adjust Incrementally: Make small adjustments to the tension knob. A slight turn can make a significant difference.
- Observe the Stitches: Sew a straight line and examine the stitches closely.
- Troubleshooting:
- If you see loops on the bottom, the top thread tension is likely too loose. Increase the tension.
- If the stitches pucker or the bottom thread is visible on top, the top thread tension is likely too tight. Decrease the tension.
- Repeat and Refine: Continue adjusting and testing until you achieve a balanced stitch where the knot is embedded within the fabric.
