Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) start when sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are passed from one person to another, primarily through sexual contact.
Here's a breakdown:
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STIs are the cause: STDs are the diseases that result from STIs. Think of it this way: the STI is the infection itself, and the STD is the health problem that the infection causes.
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How STIs are spread: STIs are caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites. These pathogens are spread through:
- Sexual contact: This includes vaginal, anal, and oral sex.
- Bodily fluids: Blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and other bodily fluids can carry these infections.
- Skin-to-skin contact: Some STIs, like herpes and HPV, are spread through direct skin contact with an infected area.
- Mother to child: Some STIs can be passed from a pregnant person to their child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding.
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Examples of STIs and resulting STDs:
STI Resulting STD Cause Chlamydia Chlamydia infection Bacteria Gonorrhea Gonorrhea infection Bacteria HIV AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) Virus HPV Genital warts, cervical cancer Virus Syphilis Syphilis infection Bacteria Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Genital herpes Virus -
Asymptomatic Infections: It's important to know that many STIs don't cause symptoms, especially in the early stages. This means a person can unknowingly transmit an infection to others. Regular testing is crucial for prevention and early treatment.
In summary, STDs begin when someone contracts a sexually transmitted infection, typically through sexual contact involving the exchange of bodily fluids or direct skin-to-skin contact. The STI then causes the disease, which we call the STD.
