Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites and are primarily spread through sexual contact. According to provided information, STIs may be transmitted from person to person via blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and other bodily fluids.
How STIs are Transmitted
STIs are mainly transmitted through:
- Unprotected sexual contact: This includes vaginal, anal, and oral sex without using barrier methods like condoms.
- Sharing needles: Sharing needles for drug use can transmit STIs like HIV and hepatitis.
- Mother to child: Some STIs can be transmitted from a mother to her baby during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding.
- Blood contact: Less commonly, STIs can be transmitted through contact with infected blood.
Types of Pathogens Causing STIs
The specific causes of STIs fall into three main categories:
| Category | Examples |
|---|---|
| Bacteria | Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Syphilis |
| Viruses | HIV, Herpes, HPV (Genital Warts), Hepatitis B |
| Parasites | Trichomoniasis |
Prevention
Preventing STIs involves:
- Using condoms consistently and correctly during sexual activity.
- Getting vaccinated for preventable STIs like HPV and Hepatitis B.
- Getting tested regularly for STIs, especially if you have multiple partners.
- Talking to your partner(s) about their sexual history and STI status.
- Avoiding sharing needles or other injection equipment.
