There are four commonly described types of shoulder impingement. These are:
Shoulder Impingement Types
The following table summarizes the 4 types of shoulder impingement:
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Anterior Acromial Impingement | Occurs when tendons of the rotator cuff muscles are compressed or rubbed against the front edge of the acromion (a bone of the shoulder). |
| Posterosuperior Glenoid Rim Impingement | Impingement that takes place at the back-top edge of the glenoid (the socket of the shoulder joint). |
| Subcoracoid Impingement | Impingement that occurs between the coracoid process (a bony projection on the front of the shoulder blade) and the structures around it. |
| Suprascapular Nerve Impingement | Entrapment or compression of the suprascapular nerve at the spinoglenoid notch (a groove on the shoulder blade). |
Detailed Overview
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Anterior Acromial Impingement: This is often related to repetitive overhead activities that narrow the space where the rotator cuff tendons pass under the acromion.
- Example: Throwing sports or painting ceilings can cause this type of impingement.
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Posterosuperior Glenoid Rim Impingement: Typically occurs when the arm is brought into certain positions that create a "pinching" effect at the back of the shoulder.
- Example: Reaching across the body or throwing motions can contribute to this condition.
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Subcoracoid Impingement: This happens due to reduced space between the coracoid process and surrounding muscles or tendons, causing friction and potential pain.
- Example: Certain shoulder movements and poor posture can contribute to subcoracoid impingement.
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Suprascapular Nerve Impingement: This involves compression of the suprascapular nerve at the spinoglenoid notch leading to pain, weakness, and potential muscle atrophy around the shoulder.
- Example: Overhead activities can sometimes cause this type of nerve impingement.
Understanding these different types of shoulder impingement is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment planning. Depending on the specific type, treatment may include rest, physical therapy, pain management, and, in some cases, surgery.
