Shoulder pain that radiates down the arm can be indicative of Subacromial pain syndrome (SAPS), but could also stem from other conditions.
Subacromial Pain Syndrome (SAPS)
SAPS is a broad term encompassing pain originating in the shoulder region that can extend down the arm or up toward the neck. It's a frequent cause of shoulder discomfort because the shoulder is the most mobile joint in the body, making it susceptible to various issues.
Other Potential Causes
While SAPS is a common cause, other conditions can lead to shoulder pain radiating down the arm:
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Rotator Cuff Injuries: Tears or inflammation of the rotator cuff muscles can cause pain that extends down the arm.
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Bursitis: Inflammation of the bursae (fluid-filled sacs that cushion the shoulder joint) can also lead to radiating pain.
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Arthritis: Osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis in the shoulder joint can cause pain that spreads.
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Nerve Compression: Conditions like cervical radiculopathy (pinched nerve in the neck) or thoracic outlet syndrome can compress nerves, resulting in pain, numbness, and tingling down the arm.
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Referred Pain: Pain from other areas, such as the neck or heart, can sometimes be felt in the shoulder and arm. Angina, for instance, may present as left shoulder and arm pain.
Diagnosis and Treatment
It is important to see a healthcare professional for accurate diagnosis. The diagnostic process may include:
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Physical examination: Assessment of range of motion, strength, and specific pain points.
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Imaging studies: X-rays, MRI, or ultrasound to visualize the shoulder joint and surrounding tissues.
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Nerve conduction studies: To assess nerve function if nerve compression is suspected.
Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include:
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Pain medication: Over-the-counter or prescription pain relievers.
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Physical therapy: Exercises to improve strength, flexibility, and range of motion.
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Injections: Corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation.
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Surgery: In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair torn tendons or ligaments or to relieve nerve compression.
