Yes, a cold can cause itching, but it's not typically the common cold virus that's the culprit. Instead, it's a condition called cold urticaria, which is an actual allergy to cold temperatures.
Understanding Cold Urticaria
When someone with cold urticaria is exposed to cold temperatures, especially below 39 degrees Fahrenheit, they may experience a reaction when their skin warms up again. This can manifest as:
- Itchy hives: Raised, red, and often itchy bumps on the skin.
- Redness: The skin may become red or flushed in the affected areas.
- Swelling: The skin may also swell, sometimes significantly.
According to pediatric allergy and immunology specialist Eli Silver, MD, the symptoms appear when the skin warms after cold exposure. This distinguishes it from the common cold, which is caused by a virus and has symptoms like a runny nose, cough, and sore throat. Cold urticaria is a different physiological reaction.
How is Cold Urticaria Different From a Common Cold?
| Feature | Cold Urticaria | Common Cold |
|---|---|---|
| Cause | Allergy to cold temperatures | Viral infection |
| Primary Symptom | Itchy hives, redness, and swelling | Runny nose, cough, sore throat |
| Trigger | Exposure to cold and warming up | Viral infection |
| Treatment | Avoiding cold, antihistamines | Rest, fluids, over-the-counter medication |
Managing Cold Urticaria
If you suspect you have cold urticaria, here are some steps you can take:
- Consult a Doctor: See an allergist or immunologist for an accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment plan.
- Avoid Cold Exposure: Limit time outdoors in cold weather and wear appropriate clothing to protect your skin.
- Antihistamines: Over-the-counter or prescription antihistamines can help manage symptoms.
- Epinephrine: In severe cases, an epinephrine auto-injector might be needed to manage anaphylaxis.
Key Takeaway
While a cold virus does not cause itching, an allergy to cold, known as cold urticaria, causes significant itching, redness, and swelling when the skin warms up after cold exposure. Always seek professional medical advice if you experience these symptoms.
