The deepest layer of the skin is the subcutis, also known as the hypodermis or subcutaneous layer. This layer is primarily composed of fat and collagen cells, which function as an insulator to conserve body heat and as a shock absorber to protect internal organs.
The subcutis sits beneath the dermis, which is the middle layer of the skin. The epidermis, the outermost layer of skin, rests on top of the dermis. While the deepest layer of the epidermis is the stratum basale, this layer is still superficial to the subcutis.
The subcutis plays a crucial role in the body's overall health and function. It helps to:
- Insulate the body: Fat cells in the subcutis act as an insulating layer, preventing heat loss and maintaining a stable body temperature.
- Protect internal organs: The subcutis acts as a shock absorber, protecting the delicate organs below from external forces and impacts.
- Store energy: Fat cells in the subcutis store energy for the body to use when needed.
- Provide flexibility and support: The collagen fibers in the subcutis give the skin flexibility and support, allowing it to stretch and move with the body.
Understanding the structure and function of the subcutis is essential for comprehending how the skin works as a whole. This knowledge is particularly important for professionals in fields such as dermatology, plastic surgery, and wound care.
