Keratin is primarily found in the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin. This tough, fibrous protein makes the skin almost waterproof and, along with collagen and elastin, provides strength and structure.
Keratin's Role in the Epidermis
The epidermis contains cells with a structural matrix of keratin. This protein is crucial for the skin's protective function, creating a barrier against water loss and external threats.
- Waterproof Barrier: Keratin's presence makes the epidermis relatively impermeable to water, preventing dehydration and protecting against external substances.
- Structural Strength: Keratin, working in conjunction with collagen and elastin, gives the skin its strength and resilience. It contributes to the skin's overall integrity and ability to withstand stress.
Keratin's Location Within the Epidermis:
While present throughout the epidermis, keratin concentration and the type of keratin vary across layers. Keratinization, the process of keratin production and cell maturation, is a crucial part of epidermal function. Cells in the deeper layers of the epidermis produce and accumulate keratin, which eventually forms the tough, protective outer layer of dead cells.
It's important to note that keratin is not found in the hypodermis (the deepest layer of skin).
Other Locations of Keratin in the Body
While the focus is on skin, remember that keratin is also a key component of:
- Hair
- Nails
- The lining of some organs and glands
