Sebum is an oily substance produced by the sebaceous glands in the skin. Androgens, a type of sex hormone, are responsible for stimulating sebum production. The most active androgens include testosterone, 5-testosterone (DHT), and 5-androstene-317diol. These hormones are produced by the sex glands (ovaries in females, testes in males) and the adrenal glands.
During puberty, when androgen levels increase, sebum production also increases, leading to the development of acne in many individuals.
The amount of sebum produced can fluctuate throughout a person's life due to hormonal changes, such as during the menstrual cycle or pregnancy. Increased levels of androgens can trigger higher sebum production, changes in skin cell activity, inflammation, and colonization of the skin with bacteria.
In summary:
- Androgens are the hormones responsible for sebum production.
- The most active androgens are testosterone, 5-testosterone (DHT), and 5-androstene-317diol.
- These hormones are produced by the sex glands and adrenal glands.
- Sebum production can fluctuate throughout life due to hormonal changes.
