Itching, also known as pruritus, can be a symptom of various diseases and conditions. Some common causes include:
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Skin conditions:
- Dry skin (xerosis): Especially common in older adults, dry skin can lead to itching.
- Eczema (dermatitis): An inflammatory skin condition characterized by itchy, red, and scaly patches.
- Psoriasis: An autoimmune disease causing skin discoloration and irritation with itchy, silvery scales.
- Scabies: A contagious skin infestation caused by tiny mites that burrow into the skin, causing intense itching.
- Parasites: Other parasites like fleas, lice, and bed bugs can also cause itching.
- Burns: Burnt skin can itch as it heals.
- Scars: Scars can become itchy, especially if they are raised or irritated.
- Insect bites and hives: These can cause immediate, intense itching.
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Internal diseases:
- Liver disease: Itching can be a symptom of various liver conditions, including hepatitis, cirrhosis, and bile duct obstruction.
- Kidney disease: Chronic kidney disease can lead to severe itching, often felt all over the body.
- Anemia: Iron deficiency can cause itching due to poor blood circulation and oxygen transport.
- Diabetes: High blood sugar levels can damage nerves and lead to itching, particularly in the feet and legs.
- Thyroid problems: Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can contribute to itching.
- Certain cancers: Some cancers, such as Hodgkin's lymphoma and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, can manifest with itching.
- HIV: HIV can cause itching due to various factors, including dry skin and skin infections.
It's important to consult a doctor if you experience persistent or severe itching to determine the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment.
