Skin cells grow through a process called cell division. The outer layer of our skin, the epidermis, is constantly renewing itself from stem cells located in the basal layer. These stem cells divide and differentiate into new skin cells, pushing older cells to the surface. As these cells move upwards, they mature and eventually shed, giving way to newer cells.
This process of skin cell renewal is essential for maintaining the integrity of our skin, protecting us from damage and infections. The turnover time for human skin cells is approximately one month.
Here's a breakdown of the process:
- Stem cells in the basal layer of the epidermis divide, creating new cells.
- Some of these new cells remain stem cells, maintaining the pool of dividing cells.
- Other new cells differentiate into various types of skin cells, such as keratinocytes, melanocytes, and Langerhans cells.
- These differentiated cells migrate upwards through the epidermis, maturing as they move.
- At the surface, the mature cells are shed and replaced by newer cells.
Factors such as pressure, rubbing, and UV light can influence the rate of skin cell growth. For example, the epidermis grows faster in response to pressure or rubbing. This helps to repair damage and protect the skin from further injury.
