Keratin is produced by specialized epithelial cells called keratinocytes. These cells make up the majority of the cells in the epidermis, the outermost layer of skin. Keratinocytes are responsible for producing keratin, a tough, fibrous protein that forms the primary structural component of skin, hair, and nails.
Keratinocytes undergo a process called keratinization, where they gradually differentiate and produce keratin as they move from the basal layer of the epidermis towards the surface. This process results in the formation of a tough, protective barrier that helps to protect the body from environmental damage.
Here are some additional details about keratinocytes and keratin production:
- Keratinocytes proliferate in the basal layer of the epidermis and start differentiating on their way to the surface. During this process, they start to produce keratin, cytokines, growth factors, interleukins, and complement factors.
- Keratin is a protein that forms the primary structural component of skin, hair, and nails. It provides strength and flexibility to these tissues.
- Keratinocytes also contribute to calcium regulation by producing a protein called filaggrin.
