Doctors take a skin sample, also known as a skin biopsy, to examine the skin tissue under a microscope. This helps them diagnose conditions like skin cancer, infections, or inflammatory skin diseases. The method used for taking the sample depends on the suspected condition and the location of the area being biopsied.
Here are the most common methods used for taking a skin sample:
- Punch biopsy: A small, circular sample of skin is removed using a special instrument called a biopsy punch. This method is often used for thicker skin lesions.
- Shave biopsy: A razor-like tool is used to shave off a thin layer of skin. This method is typically used for superficial lesions, like moles or skin tags.
- Excisional biopsy: A scalpel is used to remove a larger sample of skin, including the full thickness of the skin. This method is used for more complex lesions or when the entire lesion needs to be removed.
After the skin sample is taken:
- The sample is sent to a laboratory for analysis.
- A pathologist examines the tissue under a microscope to identify the cause of the skin problem.
- The doctor then uses the results to create a diagnosis and recommend a treatment plan.
