Dandruff is not harmful. While it can be embarrassing and itchy, it's a common skin condition that's not contagious. It's simply a symptom of an overgrowth of a type of fungus that lives on everyone's scalp.
Although not harmful, dandruff can sometimes indicate a more serious medical condition. If you experience red, tender scalp or if over-the-counter treatments aren't effective, it's best to consult a doctor.