Follicular eczema is inflammation specifically affecting the hair follicles, typically manifesting as a dotted red rash.
Here's a more detailed breakdown:
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Definition: Follicular eczema (also sometimes called folliculotropic eczema) is a type of eczema that primarily involves the hair follicles. Unlike other forms of eczema that cause more widespread skin inflammation, follicular eczema targets the openings where hairs emerge from the skin.
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Appearance: It often presents as small, raised bumps or papules around hair follicles. These bumps can be red, itchy, and may sometimes contain pus-filled spots (pustules), although this is less common. This gives it a "dotted" or "chicken skin" appearance.
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Causes: While the exact cause is often unknown, like other forms of eczema, it's believed to be a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental triggers. Potential triggers include:
- Irritants: Soaps, detergents, and certain fabrics can irritate the skin and trigger a flare-up.
- Allergens: Contact with substances you're allergic to, such as certain metals, fragrances, or plants, can also cause follicular eczema.
- Dry Skin: Dry skin can make the skin more susceptible to irritation and inflammation around the follicles.
- Sweating: Excessive sweating can sometimes exacerbate eczema symptoms.
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Diagnosis: A healthcare professional can usually diagnose follicular eczema based on a physical examination of the skin. They may ask about your medical history, potential irritants or allergens you've been exposed to, and any family history of eczema or allergies. In some cases, they might perform patch testing or other allergy tests to identify specific triggers.
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Treatment: The primary goals of treatment are to relieve itching and inflammation and to prevent further flare-ups. Common treatments include:
- Topical Corticosteroids: These creams or ointments help reduce inflammation and itching.
- Emollients: Moisturizers help hydrate the skin and create a barrier against irritants.
- Antihistamines: Oral antihistamines can help reduce itching, especially at night.
- Avoiding Triggers: Identifying and avoiding specific irritants or allergens is crucial for preventing flare-ups.
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Important Note: If you suspect you have follicular eczema, it's important to consult with a dermatologist or healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment. They can determine the best course of action for your specific condition.
