Your heel might be dark due to a condition called calcaneal petechiae, also known as talon noir or "black heel." This is a benign (harmless) condition where blood accumulates in the outer layer of your skin (stratum corneum) of the heel.
What is Calcaneal Petechiae (Talon Noir)?
Calcaneal petechiae occurs when small blood vessels in the heel rupture, causing tiny amounts of blood to leak into the skin. This usually appears as black or dark brown spots or streaks on the heel. It’s often mistaken for a bruise or a fungal infection, but it is neither.
Key characteristics:
- Appearance: Black, dark brown, or purplish streaks or spots on the heel.
- Location: Primarily on the heel, especially on the back of the heel.
- Cause: Accumulation of blood within the outer layers of the skin, specifically the stratum corneum.
- Benign: Not harmful and usually resolves on its own.
How Does It Happen?
The condition typically occurs due to repeated pressure and friction on the heel. This is common among:
- Athletes, especially those who run or play sports that involve frequent heel impacts.
- Individuals who spend a lot of time on their feet, such as nurses or construction workers.
- People who wear shoes that do not fit well or lack sufficient support.
How is it Different from Other Conditions?
- Bruise: While a bruise results from trauma causing deeper tissue damage, talon noir is superficial and related to friction.
- Fungal infection: Unlike a fungal infection, talon noir does not typically itch, peel, or cause changes in skin texture, it is simply a colour change in the skin.
- Melanin: Discoloration from melanin can be more uniform. Talon noir presents as spots or streaks.
Can You Treat It?
Generally, calcaneal petechiae does not require treatment as it is a benign condition. However, these steps can aid in prevention and resolution:
- Rest: Reduce activities that cause repetitive pressure on the heel.
- Proper Footwear: Wear well-fitting shoes with adequate cushioning and support.
- Socks: Use moisture-wicking socks to reduce friction and prevent moisture build-up.
When to See a Doctor:
While usually harmless, consult a doctor if:
- The dark spots are accompanied by pain.
- The discolouration spreads or changes rapidly.
- There are concerns about the possibility of another condition.
In summary, the darkness on your heel is likely due to talon noir, a harmless condition caused by small amounts of blood accumulating under the skin due to friction and pressure. It usually resolves on its own with simple measures.
