What is the definition of psoriasis?
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease causing skin cells to multiply rapidly. This leads to the formation of inflamed, scaly patches, most commonly on the elbows, knees, scalp, and trunk, though it can affect other areas of the body. The immune system's overactivity is the root cause of this condition.
Psoriasis is a long-lasting (chronic) skin condition characterized by an overactive immune system. This overactivity triggers skin cells to regenerate far faster than normal—up to 10 times faster. The rapid cell turnover results in a buildup of skin cells, forming raised, red patches covered in silvery-white scales. These patches are often itchy and can be painful.
Key Characteristics:
- Chronic and recurring: Psoriasis flares up unexpectedly, and there's currently no cure. Symptoms may improve and worsen over time.
- Immune-mediated: The immune system plays a central role in the development of psoriasis.
- Scaly patches: The characteristic symptom is the appearance of inflamed, scaly patches of skin.
- Common locations: These patches frequently appear on the elbows, knees, scalp, and trunk (torso), but can occur anywhere on the body.
- Itch and pain: The patches can be itchy and sometimes painful.
Types of Psoriasis:
There are several types of psoriasis, each with its own presentation. Further research into the specific types is recommended for a comprehensive understanding. (https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/6866-psoriasis)
Causes and Triggers
While the exact cause of psoriasis remains unclear, it's known to be an immune-mediated disease. This means that the body's immune system malfunctions, leading to inflammation. Various factors can trigger or worsen psoriasis symptoms, including:
- Genetics: A family history of psoriasis increases the risk.
- Infections: Certain infections can trigger a psoriasis flare-up.
- Stress: Emotional stress can exacerbate symptoms.
- Injuries: A skin injury (e.g., a cut or burn) can sometimes lead to a localized psoriasis outbreak (the Koebner phenomenon).
- Medications: Some medications may trigger or worsen psoriasis.
