The outer layer of your skin, known as the epidermis, is made of stratified squamous epithelium. This type of epithelium is composed of multiple layers of cells, with the outermost layer being flat and scale-like. This structure provides a tough, protective barrier against the environment.
The epidermis has four to five layers depending on its location. These layers include:
- Stratum Basalis (Basal cell layer): This layer is the deepest and closest to the dermis. It is mitotically active and contains melanocytes, a single row of keratinocytes, and stem cells.
- Stratum Spinosum: This layer is characterized by prickle cells, which are connected by desmosomes.
- Stratum Granulosum: This layer contains cells with granules that help in the production of keratin.
- Stratum Lucidum: This layer is only present in thick skin areas like the palms of hands and soles of feet.
- Stratum Corneum: This is the outermost layer, composed of dead, keratinized cells that are constantly shed and replaced.
The stratified squamous epithelium of the epidermis plays a crucial role in protecting the body from damage, infection, and dehydration.
