The dermis, the skin's supportive layer beneath the epidermis, is primarily produced by fibroblasts. These cells are responsible for synthesizing and depositing the key components of the dermis:
- Collagen fibers: Predominantly collagen type I in adults, providing structural strength and support.
- Elastic fibers: Composed of elastin and fibrillin, giving the skin its elasticity and flexibility.
- Extracellular matrix: Including glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans, which contribute to the dermis's hydration and overall structure.
The dermis also contains other cells, such as those responsible for hair growth and sweat production, but the fibroblasts are the crucial cells in generating the foundational connective tissue. The dermis's function is multifaceted; it protects the body, supports the epidermis, facilitates sensation, and participates in producing sweat and hair (Cleveland Clinic). While keratinocytes produce keratin, a crucial component of the epidermis, it is the fibroblasts in the dermis that create the structural framework of the skin. UVA radiation from the sun penetrates the epidermis and reaches the dermis (Cancer Research UK).
