A normal mole, also known as a common nevus, is typically a small, harmless spot on the skin. They are usually smaller than 5 millimeters wide (about the size of a pencil eraser).
Characteristics of a Normal Mole:
- Size: Generally smaller than 5mm in diameter.
- Shape: Round or oval.
- Borders: Smooth and well-defined.
- Surface: Often dome-shaped, but can also be flat.
- Color: Evenly colored, typically pink, tan, brown, or black. The color remains consistent across the mole.
- Number: Most adults have between 10 and 40 moles. The number is often influenced by genetics and sun exposure. More moles generally indicate a higher risk of melanoma, even if the moles themselves are normal.
Most moles appear during childhood and the first two decades of life. While common moles are not cancerous, having many moles (both large and small) increases the risk of developing melanoma. It's crucial to monitor moles for any changes using the ABCDEs of melanoma detection (discussed below).
Distinguishing Normal Moles from Melanoma:
It's important to note that while most moles are harmless, some can develop into melanoma, a serious form of skin cancer. Regular self-exams and professional skin checks are recommended to detect any changes.
The ABCDEs of Melanoma Detection:
This checklist can help identify potentially dangerous moles:
- A – Asymmetry: One half doesn't match the other half.
- B – Border: Irregular, ragged, or blurred edges.
- C – Color: Uneven color, with shades of brown, tan, black, red, white, or blue.
- D – Diameter: Larger than 6 millimeters (about the size of a pencil eraser).
- E – Evolving: Any changes in size, shape, color, or elevation.
If you notice any changes in an existing mole or have a mole that exhibits any of the ABCDE characteristics, consult a dermatologist immediately.
