Not all skin lumps are bad. Many are benign (not cancerous) and harmless, especially those that feel soft and roll easily under the fingers, like lipomas and cysts.[1, 2, 7, 9] However, some lumps can indicate a serious condition, including skin cancer.[3, 5, 6, 10] Therefore, it's crucial to understand the characteristics of concerning lumps.
When to Worry About a Skin Lump
Several factors suggest a skin lump warrants medical attention:
- Appearance: A lump that is asymmetrical, has irregular borders, uneven color, or a diameter greater than 6 millimeters (the "ABCDEs of melanoma") should be evaluated by a dermatologist.[3] A cancerous skin lump may also have irregular, uneven edges.[10]
- Texture: Hard, firm, or fixed lumps are more concerning than soft, movable ones.[8, 10]
- Pain: A lump that is suddenly painful, appearing within 24-48 hours, is likely due to injury or infection.[1] However, some cancerous lumps may also be painful.[9]
- Growth: Rapidly growing lumps require immediate medical evaluation.[5]
- Location: Lumps on sun-exposed skin (scalp, face, ears, neck, chest, arms, legs) may be more likely to be cancerous.[4] Lumps in areas like the breast, testicle, or neck also warrant concern.[6]
- Bleeding or Ulceration: Lumps that bleed or ulcerate require prompt medical evaluation.
Types of Benign Skin Lumps
Many harmless lumps are caused by:
- Lipomas: Soft, fatty lumps that are usually painless.[1, 2, 7, 9]
- Cysts: Fluid-filled sacs that can vary in size and texture.[1, 2, 7, 9]
What to Do
If you discover a skin lump, consult a doctor or dermatologist for a proper diagnosis. Early detection of cancerous lumps is crucial for successful treatment. Self-examination and regular skin checks are essential for early detection. Use a mirror to check hard to reach areas and take pictures to help monitor changes over time. While many skin lumps are harmless, professional evaluation provides peace of mind and ensures prompt treatment if needed.
