The hormone primarily responsible for sleep is melatonin. This hormone is produced in the pineal gland, which is located in the brain and is associated with the sleep-wake cycle. Melatonin is often referred to as the "sleep hormone" because it helps regulate the body's circadian rhythm, promoting healthy sleep and relaxation.
While melatonin is the primary hormone associated with sleep, other hormones also play a role in regulating sleep patterns, including:
- Cortisol: This hormone, known as the "stress hormone," is typically high in the morning and helps wake you up. Its levels decrease as the day progresses.
- Growth Hormone: This hormone is primarily released during deep sleep and plays a crucial role in tissue repair and growth.
- Leptin and Ghrelin: These hormones regulate hunger and satiety. Leptin signals fullness, while ghrelin stimulates appetite.
These hormones interact with each other and with the circadian rhythm to regulate sleep patterns and overall health. Disruptions in hormone balance can lead to various sleep problems.
