The primary difference lies in their purpose: social science seeks to understand and explain social phenomena, while applied social science uses that understanding to solve real-world problems.
Understanding the Core Differences
Based on the definition provided, social science is a largely theoretical and academic field. Its main goal is to deepen our understanding of society, human behavior, and social structures. Researchers in this area focus on developing theories, conducting studies to explain why social phenomena occur, and building a comprehensive body of knowledge about the social world. Think of disciplines like sociology, anthropology, political science, or economics when studied purely for academic knowledge.
In contrast, applied social science is more focused on using that understanding derived from social science research to improve real-world problems and inform decision-making. This field takes the theories, methods, and findings from social science disciplines and applies them to practical issues in various sectors.
Key Distinctions Highlighted in the Reference
The reference succinctly captures the core difference:
- Social Science: Theoretical and academic, aiming to understand and explain social phenomena.
- Applied Social Science: Focused on using that understanding to improve real-world problems and inform decision-making.
This distinction means that while a social scientist might study the causes of poverty, an applied social scientist would use that knowledge to design and implement a poverty reduction program or advise policymakers on effective strategies.
Applied Social Science in Action
Applied social science bridges the gap between academic research and practical application. It's about leveraging social scientific insights to create positive change. As mentioned in the reference, this application happens in various fields:
- Business: Using consumer behavior insights to inform marketing strategies or organizational psychology to improve workplace productivity.
- Education: Applying educational psychology or sociological findings to develop better teaching methods, curriculum, or educational policies.
- Healthcare: Utilizing medical sociology or health psychology to understand health disparities, improve patient care, or design public health campaigns.
- Social Work: Directly applying sociological and psychological principles to help individuals, families, and communities address social issues.
- Urban Planning: Using demographic analysis and community studies to design more livable cities.
Here's a simplified comparison:
| Feature | Social Science | Applied Social Science |
|---|---|---|
| Primary Goal | Understand & explain social world | Solve real-world problems & inform action |
| Approach | Theoretical, Academic, Knowledge-building | Practical, Problem-solving, Application |
| Focus | Developing theories, Conducting research | Using theories/research to create change |
| Output | Research papers, Books, Academic knowledge | Programs, Policies, Interventions, Advice |
In essence, applied social science takes the foundational knowledge generated by social science and puts it to work in tangible ways to address societal challenges and improve human lives.
