The minerals in soil primarily come from the breakdown of larger rocks. Here are some of the most common minerals found:
Common Soil Minerals
These minerals are essential for plant growth and overall soil health.
| Mineral | Description |
|---|---|
| Iron | Crucial for plant enzyme activity and chlorophyll production. |
| Potassium | Important for plant water regulation and nutrient transport. |
| Magnesium | Essential for chlorophyll synthesis and enzyme activation. |
| Calcium | Helps in cell wall formation and nutrient uptake. |
| Sulphur | Needed for protein synthesis and enzyme function. |
In addition to these minerals, soil also contains humus, which is organic matter formed from the decomposition of dead plants and animals. Humus plays a vital role in soil fertility by improving its structure, water retention, and nutrient availability.
How Minerals Enter Soil:
- Weathering: Large rocks break down into smaller particles due to physical and chemical weathering.
- Erosion: These particles are transported by wind and water to form soil.
- Decomposition: Organic matter, when decomposed, also releases minerals into the soil.
The Role of Minerals in Soil:
- Plant Nutrition: Minerals provide essential nutrients for plant growth.
- Soil Structure: Minerals influence soil texture and structure.
- Water Retention: Some minerals help in water retention, crucial for plant survival.
- pH Balance: Minerals play a role in regulating soil pH levels.
These minerals along with organic matter make the soil fertile and suitable for plant life. Understanding the mineral composition of soil helps in effective agriculture and land management.
