A solar heater converts solar energy into heat.
Solar heaters are designed to absorb sunlight and transform that radiant energy into thermal energy, which can then be used to warm water, air, or other fluids. This heated substance can subsequently be employed for various applications, such as space heating, water heating, and industrial processes.
Here's a breakdown of the process:
- Absorption: The solar collector, typically a dark-colored surface, absorbs sunlight. Dark colors are efficient at absorbing radiant energy.
- Heat Transfer: The absorbed solar energy heats the material of the collector. This heat is then transferred to a fluid (like water or air) that circulates through the collector.
- Distribution: The heated fluid carries the thermal energy to where it's needed, such as a hot water tank or a building's heating system.
Examples of Solar Heaters:
- Flat-plate collectors: These are commonly used for domestic water heating. They consist of an insulated box with a dark absorber plate and a transparent cover.
- Evacuated tube collectors: These are more efficient than flat-plate collectors, especially in colder climates. They use vacuum-sealed tubes to minimize heat loss.
- Solar air heaters: These heat air directly, which can then be used for space heating.
