The range of a fluorescence detector, specifically referring to the excitation and emission wavelengths, typically falls between 200 nm and 650 nm, although some models may have slightly different ranges.
Fluorescence Detector Wavelength Ranges Explained
Fluorescence detectors are used in chromatography, particularly HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) and UHPLC (Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography), to detect compounds that fluoresce. The detector works by exciting the sample with a specific wavelength of light (excitation wavelength) and then measuring the light emitted by the sample at a different, longer wavelength (emission wavelength).
Typical Wavelength Ranges
A typical fluorescence detector might have the following ranges:
- Excitation Wavelength Range: 200 – 630 nm
- Emission Wavelength Range: 220 – 650 nm
These ranges indicate the wavelengths of light that the detector can use to excite the sample and the wavelengths of light that it can detect as emission. The specific excitation and emission wavelengths used will depend on the fluorescent properties of the compound being analyzed.
Factors Affecting Range
The actual range of a fluorescence detector can vary based on several factors, including:
- Detector Design: Different manufacturers and models may offer slightly different ranges.
- Light Source: The type of light source used in the detector (e.g., xenon lamp, LED) can affect the available wavelength range.
- Optical Components: The quality and type of optical components (e.g., monochromators, filters) can also influence the range and sensitivity.
Application Considerations
When selecting a fluorescence detector, it's crucial to consider the excitation and emission spectra of the compounds you intend to analyze. The detector's range should encompass the optimal wavelengths for these compounds to ensure maximum sensitivity and accurate detection. Variable filters allow for selection of specific emission wavelengths.
