You can change the installation path for certain SQL Server components, particularly shared components, during the initial setup process. This is done directly within the SQL Server Installation Center interface.
Understanding SQL Server Installation Paths
When you install SQL Server, it typically uses default locations for various components. These include core program files, data files, log files, and shared features used by multiple SQL Server instances or related tools. Changing the path is usually done during the new installation phase, not for an already installed instance (which requires a different, more complex process).
The ability to change paths during setup often applies to:
- Shared Components: These include tools like SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS), SQL Server Data Tools (SSDT), Integration Services, Analysis Services, and Reporting Services shared features.
- Instance Root Directory: The base directory for a specific SQL Server instance.
- Data and Log File Directories: Locations for user databases.
The provided reference specifically mentions changing the path for shared components.
Changing the Path for Shared Components During Installation
According to the documentation, you can modify the installation directory for SQL Server shared components while running the setup wizard.
Here's how this typically works:
- During the SQL Server installation process, you will reach pages where you configure installation paths.
- Look for fields or options related to installation directories, specifically for shared components.
- To change the installation path for shared components:
- Either update the path directly in the field provided on the dialog box.
- Or select the Browse button to navigate to your desired installation directory using a file browser interface.
The reference states that the default installation path for these components is often C:\\Program Files\\Microsoft SQL Server\\nnn\\, where nnn represents the version number (e.g., 150 for SQL Server 2019, 160 for SQL Server 2022).
Example: Changing Shared Features Path
While the exact screen varies slightly between SQL Server versions and installation types (e.g., a fresh install vs. adding features), you will typically encounter a "Feature Selection" or "Installation Rules" followed by "Instance Configuration" and "Server Configuration" or "Database Engine Configuration" screens. The shared component path option often appears on a screen related to feature selection or shared features directories.
Imagine a step during setup asking for installation paths:
| Component Type | Default Path | Action Needed |
|---|---|---|
| Instance Root | C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server | Can usually be changed here |
| System Database Dir | C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server... | Often tied to Instance Root or separate option |
| User Database Dir | C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server... | Can usually be changed later or during setup |
| User Log Dir | C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server... | Can usually be changed later or during setup |
| Shared Components | C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\nnn\ | Update field or use Browse (as per reference) |
- You would locate the row or section for "Shared Components Directory" (or similar).
- Click inside the text box showing the default path.
- Type your desired new path (e.g.,
D:\SQLServer\SharedFeatures). - Alternatively, click the "Browse..." button next to the field and select the
D:\SQLServer\SharedFeaturesfolder.
After changing the path, proceed with the rest of the installation wizard to complete the setup.
Keep in mind that changing installation paths should be done carefully, ensuring the target drive has enough space and appropriate permissions for the SQL Server service account.
