Gel highlighters are primarily made of water-based inks and glycol solvents, along with fluorescent dyes for vivid coloration. They differentiate themselves from traditional highlighters through their unique gel-like consistency and smooth application.
Here's a breakdown of the key components:
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Water-Based Inks: The base of gel highlighter ink is water, acting as a solvent for other components. This water-based nature contributes to the highlighter's generally non-toxic and safer characteristics compared to solvent-based markers.
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Glycol Solvents: Glycol solvents help to dissolve and blend the various components of the ink, ensuring even distribution of the pigments and dyes. They also contribute to the smooth, consistent flow of the gel ink during application.
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Fluorescent Dyes: These dyes are the key to the highlighter's vibrant colors. Fluorescent dyes absorb light in the ultraviolet and blue regions of the spectrum and emit light at longer wavelengths, making the colors appear exceptionally bright and noticeable. The specific dyes used determine the final color of the highlighter.
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Gelling Agents: These agents are what give gel highlighters their distinctive gel-like texture. They increase the viscosity of the ink, preventing it from bleeding or feathering on paper. Examples include polymers and thickeners that help create a semi-solid consistency.
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Other Additives: Depending on the manufacturer and specific formulation, other additives may be included to improve performance and shelf life. These may include:
- Preservatives: To prevent the growth of mold or bacteria within the highlighter.
- pH Adjusters: To maintain the optimal acidity of the ink for color stability and flow.
- Wetting Agents: To improve the ink's ability to spread evenly on paper.
In summary, gel highlighters achieve their smooth, vibrant highlighting capabilities through a careful blend of water, glycol solvents, fluorescent dyes, and gelling agents. This composition distinguishes them from traditional highlighters, offering a distinct writing experience.
