The names of common STDs (Sexually Transmitted Diseases), also known as STIs (Sexually Transmitted Infections), include curable infections and viral infections.
Curable STDs
The reference highlights that four STIs are currently curable:
- Syphilis
- Gonorrhoea
- Chlamydia
- Trichomoniasis
These infections are typically treated with antibiotics or other medications. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications and further transmission.
Viral STDs
There are also viral STDs which, while not curable, can be managed with medication. The four main viral STIs mentioned in the reference are:
- Hepatitis B
- Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
- HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
- Human papillomavirus (HPV)
These viral infections can be treated to manage symptoms and reduce transmission, but often persist in the body. Vaccinations are available for Hepatitis B and HPV, and antiretroviral therapy can manage HIV.
Understanding STIs
It is essential to understand that STIs are a broad range of infections that can be transmitted through sexual contact. The impact of STIs varies significantly; some are easily treatable, while others require long-term management. Below is a brief summary of each of the most common STIs:
- Syphilis: A bacterial infection that, if left untreated, can cause serious health problems.
- Gonorrhoea: Another bacterial infection that can lead to infertility if not treated properly.
- Chlamydia: Often asymptomatic, Chlamydia is a common bacterial STI that can be treated with antibiotics.
- Trichomoniasis: A parasitic infection that can cause discomfort and is easily treated.
- Hepatitis B: A viral infection that can cause liver damage.
- Herpes simplex virus (HSV): A viral infection that causes sores, and it has no cure.
- HIV: A viral infection that attacks the immune system, leading to AIDS.
- Human papillomavirus (HPV): A very common virus, some strains of which can cause cervical cancer, and there's a vaccine for it.
Importance of Testing and Prevention
Regular testing for STIs is important for early detection and treatment. Safe sexual practices, including the use of condoms, are recommended to reduce the risk of transmission.
