A CVA medical, more commonly known as a stroke, is an interruption of blood flow to the brain. This deprives brain cells of oxygen, leading to cell damage or death. A CVA is also referred to as a cerebrovascular accident or a "brain attack."
Because brain cells require a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients, the following issues are observed when a CVA occurs:
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Cell Damage: Brain cells are extremely sensitive to oxygen deprivation. When blood flow is reduced or blocked, these cells begin to die within minutes.
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Neurological Deficits: The effects of a stroke depend on the location and extent of the brain damage. Strokes can cause a wide range of neurological deficits, including:
- Weakness or paralysis on one side of the body
- Difficulty speaking or understanding speech (aphasia)
- Vision problems
- Balance and coordination issues
- Cognitive impairment
- Emotional disturbances
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Time Sensitivity: A CVA is a medical emergency because treatment is most effective when administered quickly. Medications to dissolve blood clots or surgical procedures to remove clots can prevent further brain damage and improve outcomes if given within a specific time window.
Early recognition of stroke symptoms is crucial. Common symptoms include:
- Face drooping
- Arm weakness
- Speech difficulty
- Time to call 911
Recognizing these signs and seeking immediate medical attention significantly increases the chances of recovery and reduces the risk of long-term disability.
