A frame of structure, also known as a framed structure, is a building method characterized by a self-supporting skeleton. This skeleton provides the structure's stability, meaning it can stand rigid without relying on walls or floors to prevent deformation.
Understanding Framed Structures
A framed structure's key feature is its independent stability. This means the framework itself, made from materials like steel, timber, or reinforced concrete, is designed to resist forces and maintain shape. Here's a breakdown of its characteristics:
- Independent Support: The frame can stand securely without needing walls or floors to act as supporting elements.
- Load Bearing: The frame is designed to carry the structure's weight, as well as external forces like wind and seismic activity.
- Flexibility in Design: Since walls aren't structural components, they can be placed freely, allowing for design versatility.
- Material Variety: Frames can be constructed using various materials, each with specific strengths and properties.
Types of Framing Materials
| Material | Characteristics | Typical Applications |
|---|---|---|
| Steel | High strength-to-weight ratio, excellent for large spans. | Skyscrapers, industrial buildings, bridges |
| Timber | Sustainable, versatile, cost-effective for smaller buildings. | Residential homes, smaller commercial buildings, timber frames |
| Reinforced Concrete | Durable, fire-resistant, adaptable to various shapes. | Multi-story buildings, infrastructure projects |
How it Works
The frame functions by transferring loads through interconnected members, such as columns, beams, and girders. These components work together to form a rigid, load-bearing skeleton. This ensures:
- Effective Load Distribution: Loads are transferred efficiently to the foundation, preventing structural stress.
- Resistance to Deformation: The frame resists bending, twisting, and other forms of deformation.
- Long-Term Durability: A well-designed frame contributes to a structure's long-term stability and safety.
Practical Example
Imagine a steel-framed skyscraper. The steel frame, consisting of columns and beams, is erected first. It can stand on its own as a rigid structure. The external walls, glass windows, and interior partitions are then added, relying on the frame for support, not for stability. This makes the structure adaptable to varying design layouts and allows for extensive window area, a key advantage of this type of construction.
In conclusion, a frame of structure is a construction method using an independent, self-supporting skeleton to bear weight and maintain structural integrity, without relying on floors or walls to resist deformation, as highlighted in the provided reference.
