Sunscreen works by protecting your skin from the sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation, preventing sunburn and reducing the risk of skin cancer. This protection is achieved through different mechanisms, depending on the type of sunscreen.
Types of Sunscreen and Their Mechanisms
Sunscreens generally fall into two main categories:
- Physical Blockers (Mineral Sunscreens):
- These sunscreens use minerals like titanium dioxide and zinc oxide.
- These minerals are ground into very fine particles.
- They work by creating a physical barrier on the surface of the skin, reflecting UV rays away.
- Think of these minerals as a shield or mirror deflecting the UV radiation.
- They effectively block both UVA and UVB rays.
- Chemical Sunscreens:
- These sunscreens use specific chemical filters that absorb UV rays.
- When the chemicals absorb the UV rays, they release the energy as heat.
- They work by absorbing the harmful UV radiation before it can penetrate the skin.
- Different chemicals target different types of UV radiation, and combinations of chemicals often used in order to provide broad spectrum protection from both UVA and UVB rays.
- These sunscreens use specific chemical filters that absorb UV rays.
How to Apply Sunscreen Effectively
For sunscreen to work effectively, it's crucial to apply it correctly:
- Apply liberally 15-30 minutes before sun exposure to allow it to fully bond with the skin.
- Reapply every two hours, or more often if swimming or sweating.
- Don't forget areas like the ears, back of the neck, and tops of feet.
Key Takeaways
| Type | How it Works | Key Ingredients |
|---|---|---|
| Physical Blockers | Reflects UV rays away from the skin. | Titanium dioxide, zinc oxide |
| Chemical Sunscreen | Absorbs UV rays before they damage the skin. | Various chemical filters |
By understanding how sunscreen works, you can take the necessary steps to protect your skin and reduce your risk of sun-related damage.
