A sword is oiled primarily to protect the blade from rust and corrosion.
Protecting Against Corrosion
Carbon steel, commonly used in sword blades, is susceptible to oxidation, which results in rust. Moisture and oxygen in the air react with the iron in the steel, forming iron oxide (rust). Oiling the sword creates a barrier between the steel and the environment, preventing this reaction.
Preventing Damage from Handling
Even clean hands leave behind oils and salts that can initiate corrosion on a steel blade. These residues, combined with humidity, accelerate the rusting process. A protective layer of oil prevents these contaminants from directly contacting the blade.
Types of Oil Used
Several types of oils are suitable for sword care, including:
- Mineral Oil: A common and inexpensive option.
- Gun Oil: Formulated to protect firearms from rust, and also effective on swords.
- Specially Formulated Sword Oils: Designed specifically for sword blade preservation, often containing additives for enhanced protection.
Application Process
Proper application is crucial for effective protection:
- Clean the Blade: Remove any existing dirt, fingerprints, or old oil.
- Apply a Thin Layer: Use a soft cloth to evenly spread a thin coat of oil along the entire blade surface. A little goes a long way.
- Wipe Off Excess: After application, wipe off any excess oil to prevent it from attracting dust and grime.
Consequences of Not Oiling
Failure to oil a sword can lead to:
- Rust formation: This weakens the blade and can damage its appearance.
- Pitting: Severe rusting can create small pits on the blade surface, permanently affecting its integrity.
- Reduced Lifespan: Corrosion can significantly shorten the lifespan of the sword.
In summary, oiling a sword is essential for its long-term preservation, protecting it from the damaging effects of rust and corrosion caused by environmental factors and handling. Regular oiling ensures the sword remains in optimal condition and retains its value.
