There is no single test that confirms TB. Instead, a combination of tests and evaluations is used to diagnose tuberculosis (TB). Here's how it works:
- Initial Evaluation: A healthcare provider will assess your symptoms, medical history, and risk factors for TB.
- Tuberculosis (TB) Blood Test (IGRA): This test, also called an Interferon Gamma Release Assay, can detect if you have TB germs in your body.
- Tuberculosis Skin Test (Mantoux): This test involves injecting a small amount of TB protein under the skin. It's another way to check for TB exposure.
- Chest X-ray: If you have symptoms of TB, a chest X-ray may be needed to look for signs of TB in your lungs.
- Sputum Culture: A sputum culture is the most definitive test for TB. It involves analyzing a sample of your phlegm to see if it contains TB bacteria.
A positive TB blood test or skin test, along with other clinical findings, can indicate that you have either a latent TB infection or active TB disease. Further testing, such as a chest X-ray and sputum culture, is usually needed to confirm a diagnosis of active TB disease.
Important Note: If you have any symptoms of TB, such as a cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, or fatigue, you should contact a healthcare provider immediately.
