There are two types of TB conditions: TB disease and latent TB infection.
Understanding the Two Types of TB
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by bacteria that primarily affect the lungs. It's crucial to understand the different forms TB can take, as they require different management approaches. While both are related to the TB bacteria, they have distinct characteristics.
TB Disease
TB disease is when the TB bacteria are actively multiplying in the body and causing illness. This is the form of TB that most people recognize as a serious infection.
- Symptoms: People with TB disease usually feel sick and show noticeable symptoms. These can include:
- Persistent cough
- Fever
- Night sweats
- Weight loss
- Fatigue
- Contagious: Individuals with TB disease are contagious and can spread TB germs to others.
- Treatment: TB disease requires a course of treatment with multiple antibiotics.
Latent TB Infection
Latent TB infection (LTBI) is when the TB bacteria are present in the body but are inactive or "sleeping". People with LTBI do not feel sick.
- Symptoms: People with latent TB infection do not have any symptoms.
- Not Contagious: Individuals with latent TB infection cannot spread TB germs to others.
- Treatment: Treatment for latent TB infection is typically prescribed to prevent the infection from progressing to TB disease, especially in high risk individuals.
Comparison Table
| Feature | TB Disease | Latent TB Infection |
|---|---|---|
| Symptoms | Yes, usually present | No |
| Contagious | Yes | No |
| Bacteria | Active, multiplying | Inactive, “sleeping” |
| Treatment | Required | Often recommended to prevent disease |
| Feels Sick | Yes | No |
Understanding the differences between TB disease and latent TB infection is essential for prevention, diagnosis and treatment. It's important to consult a healthcare professional for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plans.
