The first signs of tetanus can be subtle and easily missed, making early diagnosis crucial. Initial symptoms often include:
- Headache: This can be a common early symptom, often overlooked.
- Muscle spasms in the jaw: Also known as "lockjaw," this is a characteristic sign, but may not always be present initially.
- Trouble swallowing (dysphagia): Difficulty swallowing can be an early indication of the disease affecting the muscles involved in this process.
As the disease progresses, other more severe symptoms will develop, including:
- Sudden, involuntary muscle spasms: These spasms can affect various muscle groups, often starting in the stomach.
- Painful muscle stiffness: This generalized stiffness can affect the whole body.
- Seizures (jerking or staring): More serious neurological complications can appear as the toxin spreads.
- Fever and sweating: These are signs of the body's response to infection and are often indicative of advanced stages.
- Changes in blood pressure and heart rate: These reflect the body's autonomic nervous system being affected.
It's important to note that not everyone experiences all of these symptoms, and the severity and progression of tetanus can vary significantly. If you suspect you or someone you know may have tetanus, seek immediate medical attention. Prompt treatment with antibiotics and antitoxin is essential to prevent serious complications and death.
