Sand tires work by using large, paddle-like protrusions to scoop and propel a vehicle forward through loose sand, rather than relying on traditional tread patterns. They essentially act as shovels, moving sand backward to generate forward thrust.
Here's a breakdown of how they function:
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Paddle Design: Sand tires feature a relatively smooth tire core with a series of large rubber cups or paddles attached. These paddles are strategically positioned around the circumference of the tire.
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Scooping Action: As the tire rotates, the paddles dig into the sand. The large volume within each paddle allows it to capture a significant amount of sand. This design prevents the tire from getting clogged, unlike a traditional knobby tire which would quickly fill with sand and lose traction.
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Propulsion: The paddles then push the collected sand backward. This action generates a forward force, propelling the vehicle across the sandy surface.
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Flotation: In addition to propulsion, the large surface area of sand tires also helps distribute the vehicle's weight over a wider area. This reduces the pressure on the sand and prevents the tires from sinking too deeply, improving flotation.
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Directional Stability: Some sand tires also incorporate a center rib or smaller paddles in the center to improve directional stability and handling.
In essence, sand tires replace the traditional grip-and-traction method used on paved roads with a scoop-and-propel method designed specifically for loose, sandy terrain.
