Unfortunately, there is no single "preventive medicine" that completely eliminates the risk of developing ulcerative colitis (UC). However, certain medications can be used to manage and maintain remission in individuals already diagnosed with UC, effectively preventing flare-ups and complications. These medications help control inflammation in the colon, which is the underlying cause of UC symptoms.
Here's a breakdown of medications used for maintenance and preventing flares in ulcerative colitis, based on the provided references:
Medications for Maintaining Remission in Ulcerative Colitis
The following medications, often called maintenance therapies, are used to keep UC symptoms under control and prevent flare-ups. The choice of medication depends on the severity of the UC, previous treatment history, and individual patient factors.
Biologic Therapies:
Biologic therapies target specific proteins in the body that contribute to inflammation.
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TNF-alpha inhibitors: These medications block the action of TNF-alpha, a protein that promotes inflammation.
- Remicade (infliximab) and its biosimilars (Renflexis, Avsola, Inflectra, Zymfentra)
- Humira (adalimumab) and its biosimilars (Amjevita, Cyltezo)
- Simponi, Simponi Aria (golimumab)
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Integrin receptor antagonists: These medications prevent immune cells from migrating to the gut, thus reducing inflammation.
- Entyvio (vedolizumab)
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IL-12/23 inhibitor: These medications block interleukin-12 and interleukin-23, proteins involved in inflammation.
- Stelara (ustekinumab) and its biosimilar Wezlana
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IL-23 inhibitor: This medication blocks interleukin-23, a protein involved in inflammation.
- Omvoh (mirikizumab)
Important Considerations
- Consultation with a Gastroenterologist: It's crucial to consult with a gastroenterologist to determine the most appropriate medication and treatment plan for your specific situation.
- Individualized Treatment: The choice of medication is highly individualized and depends on the severity of UC, previous treatment responses, and other factors.
- Monitoring and Side Effects: Regular monitoring is essential to assess the effectiveness of the medication and watch for any potential side effects.
