The uterus grows primarily due to specific hormonal changes and growth factors, particularly during pregnancy.
Hormonal Influence on Uterine Growth
Hormonal changes during pregnancy are pivotal in stimulating uterine growth. The primary mechanisms involve:
- Increased Growth Factors: Hormones stimulate the release of several growth factors.
- Myocyte Proliferation: These growth factors cause myocyte (uterine muscle cells) proliferation, mainly in early pregnancy.
Key Growth Factors for Uterine Growth
According to Lye et al [17], two major growth factors play a crucial role:
- Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF)-1: This growth factor is crucial for the proliferation of uterine muscle cells, which leads to the initial expansion of the uterus.
- Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF): EGF also induces myocyte proliferation, further contributing to uterine enlargement. These factors work together to create a "pool" of cells that can accommodate the growing fetus.
Summary of Factors
| Factor | Role in Uterine Growth |
|---|---|
| Hormonal Changes | Trigger release of growth factors |
| Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF-1) | Induces myocyte proliferation early in pregnancy |
| Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) | Also promotes myocyte proliferation, contributing to early uterine expansion |
In essence, a combination of hormonal changes and specific growth factors like IGF-1 and EGF are essential for proper uterine growth, especially during the early stages of pregnancy. These factors stimulate muscle cell proliferation, increasing the size and capacity of the uterus to support the developing fetus.
