The country with areas that experience the highest levels of surface ultraviolet (UV) radiation is Chile.
Understanding High UV Levels in Chile
The northern Atacama Desert in Chile is known for having some of the highest surface UV levels on Earth. This is due to a combination of factors:
- High Altitude: The desert's location at a high elevation means there is less atmosphere to filter out UV radiation.
- Cloudless Conditions: The area experiences predominantly clear skies, allowing for intense sunlight to reach the ground.
- Low Ozone Column: The ozone layer, which absorbs much of the sun's UV radiation, is relatively thin in this region.
Why is this significant?
High UV radiation poses significant health risks to humans, including:
- Increased risk of skin cancer
- Eye damage
- Weakened immune system
Practical implications and measures for protection:
- Sunscreen Use: Regular application of high-SPF sunscreen is crucial.
- Protective Clothing: Wearing wide-brimmed hats, sunglasses, and long-sleeved clothing can reduce UV exposure.
- Seek Shade: Minimizing time spent in direct sunlight during peak hours.
Conclusion
The combined effect of high altitude, clear skies, and low ozone levels makes Chile's Atacama Desert a location with some of the highest levels of surface UV radiation in the world, as cited in the reference (The world's highest levels of surface UV - PubMed).
